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Smoke dissipation: According to Model Building Regulations, the "smoke extraction openings (RA)", which are stipulated therein, are used, eg. roof-integrated ventilated daylight systems such as light domes or windows in the facade, for the smoke dissipation from the building - during or after the firefighting work. The installation of a smoke and heat exhaust system (SHE), natural smoke extraction system (NRA) or a natural smoke and heat ventilator (NSHEV) is therefore not required. In terms of building law, RAs therefore do not have to ensure low-smoke layers or thermal relief of the building structure. The objective that can be achieved with them consists in the support of the fire departments during firefighting and rescue operations.

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Smoke extraction: In the event of fire, a smoke extraction takes over the smoke extraction and the heat exhaust, thus ensuring a stable low-smoke layer near the floor, which ensures the use of escape and rescue ways. The achievable objectives: support on the self-rescue and the third-party rescue as well as the firefighting, property value protection by containment of the smoke spread.

NSHEV: Natural Smoke and Heat Ventilators (NSHEV) are part of a smoke extraction system. In a case of fire, they convey smoke and hot fumes from the building and create a low-smoke layer in escape and rescue ways. An NSHEV is a construction product that must be tested and classified according to the European standard EN 12101-2. In Germany, NSHEV must always be used compulsorily if a "natural smoke extraction" is required under building law. "Natural" refers to SHE systems that work without an additional mechanical fan.